Global Business and Ethics

The Rory Foundation is based in the United Kingdom and it is a non-profit organization that is owned by Rory McIlroy who comes second in the listing of world golfers (Rory Foundation, 2017). The Roy Foundation offices are at St. Helen’s Business Park Hollywood (Rory Foundation, 2017). Toyota is a motor corporation which is profit oriented and its president is Akio Toyoda (Toyota, 2017). Toyota produces cars such as Lexus and makes sales from them. The head office for Toyota Motor Corporation is situated in Japan (Toyota, 2017).

The purpose of the Rory Foundation is to change people’s lives positively, provide education opportunities to young and upcoming sportsmen and women, and to fund programs that are oriented (Rory Foundation, 2017). The foundation also funds children with ill health and helps their families. The Rory Foundation also helps the less privileged in the society (Rory Foundation, 2017). The Toyota Company produces motor vehicles and is also a sales company (Toyota, 2017). The company has ventured into other business activities. These activities include: afforestation, housing projects, marine services, biotechnology processes, and e-Toyota (Toyota, 2017). Toyota is owned by various stakeholders with the leading one being Japan Trustee Services Bank, Ltd. (Toyota, 2017).

Both Toyota and the Rory Foundation are large, but the larger between the two is Toyota, which had a total of 348,877 consolidated employees on 31st March 2016 (Toyota, 2017). The other difference between the two institutions is that one is profit oriented while the other is a charitable organization. The Rory Foundation is owned by Rory while Toyota is owned by various shareholders. Toyota is involved in car manufacturing whereas the purpose of the Rory Foundation is to help the less privileged in the society.

Pestle

PESTLE is an acronym that is used in the business world and mostly by marketers. P stands for Political, E for Economic, S for Social, T for Technological, L for Leal and E for Environment (Hamel, 2017). Pestle is used as a tool to identify the external factors that affect a given organization in terms of its business activities (Hamel, 2017). Once the key players identify these factors, they sit down and plan for the future of the organization. 

Factors Affecting the Business Activities of iPhone (Apple)

Economic Factors

Economic factors are an item in the PESTLE Analysis. These factors positively affect the business activities of Apple Inc., which produces the iPhone. The company profits from both developed and developing countries, in that when these two categories provide opportunities for the said company (Lombardo, 2017). Apple benefits from the developed countries due to their economic prominence. The rapid growth presented by the developing countries provides a platform for Apple to increase their profits by selling their products (Lombardo, 2017).

Technological Factors

Apple is facing strong competition from rival companies such as Google and Samsung, who are now able to make products that are matching those of Apple (PESTLE analysis, 2015). Latter denies Apple its competitive advantage, which is uniqueness. Another technological factor affecting the business activities of iPhone producer, Apple, is cyber crime; an act that makes the company vulnerable when it comes to the security of its systems (PESTLE analysis, 2015).

Political Factors

Political factors largely affect Apple’s manufacturing power (PESTLE analysis, 2015). Apple products are manufactured in China and according to a PESTLE analysis contributor; the political unrest which happened in 2015 could have altered the manufacturing cost (PESTLE analysis, 2015). Political factors may also present opportunities for Apple. Free trade policies and stable politics increase revenues for Apple in both developing and developed countries (Lombardo, 2017). 

Toyota

How Perceptions affect the demand for Toyota Products

Perception can be described as the way a person views a given product or situation (Merriam-Webster, 2017). Toyota is a car manufacturing industry and it has been able to create a big gap from other motor vehicle companies. The consumers of Toyota products understand that the company gives them excellent products that are worth the prices (Hirsh, Hedlund and Schweizer, 2003). Therefore, Toyota can make great sales from their products.

How Motivations and Sub-Cultures affect the demand for Toyota Products

Motivation is the urge rising from within and it drives one to want to achieve a certain goal or attain a given product (M. Libraries, nd). When it comes to purchasing of vehicles, one must first attain other needs within the hierarchy of human needs before getting to the self-actualization stage. A sub-culture is a smaller group within a Culture and consumers in this group influence one another on matters of product purchase (M. Libraries, nd).

How Culture and Social Class affect the demand for Toyota Products

People are defined by their cultures even in matters such as purchasing a vehicle. Motor vehicle companies should investigate the culture of a certain region to determine the expected demand. Toyota cars are mostly purchased by people in the middle class (white and blue-collar laborers) and countries such as China and India, this class has the highest population; thus, demand is high (M. Libraries, nd). 

How Reference groups affect the demand for Toyota Products

People live in terms of groups, which could comprise family members or even co-workers; these are known as reference groups (M. Libraries, nd).  Within these groups, people exchange views concerning a given product such as Toyota cars and the latter affects the demand for such products.

Three Ethical Issues that Sony needs to consider in its operational activities about its employees

Ethics determines how a company treats its employees, the stakeholders, and other investors; and this is guided by the principles of the said company. One way that Sony acts ethically is by avoiding gender bias (CSR, 2006). Sony gives equal opportunities to both males and females; an act that helps the company earn respect from its employees and the society at large. It is ethical for a company to initiate direct communication with its employees and shareholders. Sony holds annual meetings with its employees and it helps this category to give their views and view the new products (CRS, 2006). Sony acts ethically by respecting the cultural diversity of its employees and providing equal chances for all people despite their nationality (CRS, 2006). The latter puts the company on a global platform and increases its revenue.

Three Ethical Issues that Sony needs to consider in its operational activities about the society

The consumers are part of the society and Sony has put across consideration for its consumers, some of which are ethically right. Sony listens to its customers and makes the possible changes if need be; for example, altering the remote control to suit the consumers’ preferences (CRS, 2006). Companies should know that it is an ethical duty to contribute towards improving the lives of those in the society. Sony supports the sustainable development goals by creating employment and improving education (CRS, 2016). Sony also donates to charities that help the needy in the society (CRS, 2016). All these activities will help the company in making profits as it gives back to the society. The only disadvantage with acting ethically is that some cultures may find some actions as being unethical.

Drivers of globalization and how they affect the events of Bank of America

Globalization is a result of the ever-growing technology and the impact it has on people’s lives and industrialization. The first major driver for globalization is technology (Price, 2011). Technology makes the world a small village as people are connected through computers, phones, and other technological gadgets. The second driver is introduction of trading systems that allow companies to trade freely on the global platform (Price, 2011). Entrepreneurship becomes the third driver for globalization (Price, 2011). New markets are opening up, making it possible for companies and people to display their products and services. The Bank of America has picked Dublin to hold and maintain the EU hub (BBC News, 2017). This is a business news story that was posted on 21st July, 2017. The three drivers of globalization have made it possible for the deal to go through. Technology has facilitated communication between the bank and Dublin. The Bank of America has a total of 7,200 staff based in Dublin and London (BBC News, 2017). The staffs communicate through the internet, which also facilitates completion of duties. The two institutes can trade with one another and also carry out business operations due to the introduction of the new trading systems. The Bank of America can have its operations carried out by Dublin as long as the two conform to the rules of the trading systems. The Bank of America took its operations to Dublin because it had cited new markets for its services. Globalization is a result of new business opportunities opening up, thus expanding the entrepreneurship field. This trend is rapidly growing in most parts of the world, thus enhancing globalization.

References

BBC News. 2017. Bank of America Picks Dublin for EU Hub. BBC NEWS.

CRS. 2006. Sony and People.

CRS. 2016. CRS REPORT 2016. Hamel, G. 2017. Reasons to use SWOT and PESTLE Analysis. Chron. 

Hirsh, E., Hedlund, S and Schweizer, M. 2003. Reality is Perception: The truth about Car Brands. Strategy + Business.